The main exim binary (/usr/sbin/exim) is used with various flags to make things happen to messages in the queue. Most of these require one or more message-IDs to be specified in the command line, which is where exiqgrep -i comes in handy.

Start a queue run:

exim -q -v

Start a queue run for just local deliveries:

exim -ql -v

Remove a message from the queue:

exim -Mrm <message-id> [ <message-id> ... ]

Freeze a message:

exim -Mf <message-id> [ <message-id> ... ]

Thaw a message:

exim -Mt <message-id> [ <message-id> ... ]

Deliver a message, whether it's frozen or not, whether the retry time has been reached or not:

exim -M <message-id> [ <message-id> ... ]

Deliver a message, but only if the retry time has been reached:

exim -Mc <message-id> [ <message-id> ... ]

Force a message to fail and bounce as “cancelled by administrator”:

exim -Mg <message-id> [ <message-id> ... ]

Remove all frozen messages:

exiqgrep -z -i | xargs exim -Mrm

Remove all messages older than five days (86400 * 5 = 432000 seconds):

exiqgrep -o 432000 -i | xargs exim -Mrm

Freeze all queued mail from a given sender:

exiqgrep -i -f luser@example.tld | xargs exim -Mf

View a message's headers:

exim -Mvh <message-id>

View a message's body:

root@localhost# exim -Mvb <message-id>

View a message's logs:

root@localhost# exim -Mvl <message-id>

Add a recipient to a message:

root@localhost# exim -Mar <message-id> <address> [ <address> ... ]

Edit the sender of a message:

root@localhost# exim -Mes <message-id> <address>