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nas:build_a_linux_nas [2021/09/25 15:50] – peternas:build_a_linux_nas [2021/09/25 21:38] (current) – peter
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   - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Add additional software|Add additional software]]   - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Add additional software|Add additional software]]
   - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Prepare the RAID Disks|Prepare the RAID Disks]]   - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Prepare the RAID Disks|Prepare the RAID Disks]]
- +  - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Create a Software RAID Array|Create a Software RAID Array]] 
- +  - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Create a Filesystem|Create a Filesystem]] 
 +  - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Mount the RAID Array|Mount the RAID Array]] 
 +  - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Create a Samba Share|Create a Samba Share]] 
 +  - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Data Scrubing|Data Scrubing]] 
 +  - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Power Consumption|Power Consumption]] 
 +  - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Tune the System|Tune the System]] 
 +  - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Benchmark the System|Benchmark the System]] 
 +  - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Monitor the System|Monitor the System]] 
 +  - [[NAS:Build a Linux NAS:Support recovering from a faulty disk|Support recovering from a faulty disk]]
  
 ---- ----
  
----- +===== Resources =====
- +
-===== Create a Software RAID Array ===== +
- +
-<code bash> +
-sudo mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=3 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 +
- +
-or  +
- +
-sudo mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=3 --spare-devices=1 /dev/sd{b,c,d, e}1 +
-</code> +
- +
-<WRAP info> +
-**NOTE:**  This created a new block device **/dev/md0**. +
- +
-  * This device represents the RAID 5 of /dev/sdb1, /dev/sdc1 and /dev/sdd1. +
-  * Obviously other RAID types could be used instead. +
-</WRAP> +
- +
----- +
- +
-===== Ensure the RIAD Array is reassembled automatically each time the system boots ===== +
- +
-<code bash> +
-sudo mdadm --detail --scan | sudo tee -a /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf +
-</code> +
- +
- +
-<WRAP info> +
-**NOTE:**  This saves the RAID configuration in the **/etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf** file. +
- +
-  * In the background, mdadm will sync the data of these disks. +
-  * This can take a very long time as it requires reading and writing a lot of data depending on the size of the disks. +
-</WRAP> +
- +
----- +
- +
-===== Check the RAID Status ===== +
- +
-<code bash> +
-sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0 +
-</code> +
- +
-returns: +
- +
-<code bash> +
-</code> +
- +
-<WRAP info> +
-**NOTE:**  This also displays not only the health, but also the sync status. +
-</WRAP> +
- +
- +
----- +
- +
-===== Create a Filesystem ===== +
- +
-<code bash> +
-sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0 +
-</code> +
- +
-<WRAP info> +
-**NOTE:**  **/dev/md0** can be used now just as any other block device. +
-</WRAP> +
- +
- +
----- +
- +
-===== Mount the Array ===== +
- +
-<code bash> +
-sudo mkdir /mnt/nas +
-sudo mount /dev/md0 /mnt/nas +
-</code> +
- +
----- +
- +
-===== Check the Mount ===== +
- +
-<code bash> +
-lsblk +
-</code> +
- +
-returns: +
- +
-<code bash> +
-NAME                   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT +
-sda                      8:0    0 232.9G  0 disk  +
-├─sda1                   8:1    0  1007K  0 part  +
-├─sda2                   8:2    0   512M  0 part /boot/efi +
-├─sda3                 253:28   0     8G  0 part [SWAP] +
-├─sda4                 253:29   0    58G  0 part / +
-sdb                      8:32   0  14.6T  0 disk  +
-├─md0                    9      0  14.6T  0 raid5 /mnt/nas +
-sdc                      8:48   0  14.6T  0 disk  +
-├─md0                    9      0  14.6T  0 raid5 /mnt/nas +
-sdd                      8:64   0  14.6T  0 disk  +
-├─md0                    9      0  14.6T  0 raid5 /mnt/nas +
-</code> +
- +
----- +
- +
-===== Test writing to the mounted array ===== +
- +
-<code bash> +
-sudo touch /mnt/nas/test +
-ls -al /mnt/nas/ +
-</code> +
- +
-returns: +
- +
-<code bash> +
-total 24 +
-drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Feb 14 11:19 . +
-drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Feb 14 11:19 .. +
-drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Feb 14 11:19 lost+found +
--rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb 14 11:19 test +
-</code> +
- +
----- +
- +
-===== Ensure the array always get mounted on boot ===== +
- +
-<code bash> +
-echo '/dev/md0 /mnt/nas ext4 defaults,nofail 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab +
-</code> +
- +
-returns: +
- +
-<code bash> +
-/dev/md0 /mnt/nas ext4 defaults,nofail 0 0 +
-</code> +
- +
-<WRAP info> +
-**NOTE:**  This adds an entry into the **/etc/fstab** file. +
-</WRAP> +
- +
----- +
- +
-===== Create Samba Share ===== +
- +
-Save a backup of the default Samba Config. +
- +
-<code bash> +
-sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.orig +
-</code> +
- +
-Now edit the Samba Config file, **/etc/samba/smb.conf**, and populate as: +
- +
-<file bash /etc/samba/smb.conf> +
-[global] +
-workgroup=WORKGROUP +
-server min protocol = SMB2 +
-server max protocol = SMB3 +
-server string = NAS +
-log file = /var/log/samba/%m.log +
- +
-[data] +
-path = /mnt/nas/data +
-available = yes +
-valid users = peter +
-read only = no +
-browseable = yes +
-writable = yes +
-</file> +
- +
----- +
- +
-===== Create a Samba user ===== +
- +
-<code bash> +
-sudo smbpasswd -a peter +
-</code> +
- +
-returns: +
- +
-<code bash> +
-Added user peter. +
-</code> +
- +
-<WRAP info> +
-**NOTE:**  Make sure that the user has permissions to the files on system level as well. +
-</WRAP> +
- +
-----+
  
-===== Test Access to the Share =====+http://www.ducea.com/2009/03/08/mdadm-cheat-sheet/
  
-Within a Web Browser, enter+https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-raid-increase-resync-rebuild-speed.html
  
-<code bash> +https://h3x.no/2011/07/09/tuning-ubuntu-mdadm-raid56
-//192.168.1.5/data +
-</code>+
  
-<WRAP info> +https://developer.ibm.com/tutorials/l-4kb-sector-disks/
-**NOTE:**  +
  
-  * **192.168.1.5**:   The IP Address of the NAS. +https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-general-1/recovering-mdadm-superblocks-713234/
-    * Obviously use whatever IP address that device has. +
-  * **data**:  The name of the Samba Share, as defined in the Samba Config file. +
-</WRAP>+
  
nas/build_a_linux_nas.1632585053.txt.gz · Last modified: 2021/09/25 15:50 by peter
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