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linux:files_system [2020/10/27 10:02] – [Directories hold only names and inode numbers] 192.168.1.1linux:files_system [2022/07/09 13:44] (current) – 185.192.71.121
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 ====== Linux - Files System ====== ====== Linux - Files System ======
 +
 +<code>
 +/              Root
 +-> /bin        User Binaries
 +-> /boot       Boot Loader Files
 +-> /dev        Device Files
 +-> /etc        Configuration Files
 +-> /home       Home Directories
 +-> /lib        System Libraries
 +-> /media      Removable Devices
 +-> /mnt        Mount Directory
 +-> /opt        Optional Add-On Applications
 +-> /proc       Process Information
 +-> /sbin       System Binaries
 +-> /srv        Service Data
 +-> /tmp        Temporary Files
 +-> /usr        User System Resources
 +-> /var        Variable Files
 +</code>
 +
 +----
  
 {{:linux:linux-file-system.jpg?800|}} {{:linux:linux-file-system.jpg?800|}}
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 A Unix directory is only a list of pairs of names and associated inode numbers. A Unix directory is only a list of pairs of names and associated inode numbers.
  
-The attribute information about an item named *in* a directory -- the type, permissions, owner, etc. of the thing -- is kept with the inode associated with the thing, not in the directory itself.+The attribute information about an item named **in** a directory -- the type, permissions, owner, etc. of the thing -- is kept with the inode associated with the thing, not in the directory itself.
  
 Reading a Unix directory tells you only some names and inode numbers; you know nothing about the types, sizes, owners, or modify times of those inodes unless you actually go out to each separate inode on disk and access it to read its attributes. Reading a Unix directory tells you only some names and inode numbers; you know nothing about the types, sizes, owners, or modify times of those inodes unless you actually go out to each separate inode on disk and access it to read its attributes.
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 ---- ----
  
-===== Tracing Inodes in Pathnames -- ASCII Art =====+===== Tracing Inodes in Pathnames ===== 
  
-Below is an ASCII Art diagram of some directories and a hard-linked file with two names. 
  
 ==== Slashes separate names in pathnames ==== ==== Slashes separate names in pathnames ====
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 ==== Names reside above the things they name ==== ==== Names reside above the things they name ====
  
-Below is a file system diagram written correctly, with the names for things shown in the directory one level *above* the things to which the names actually refer.+Below is a file system diagram written correctly, with the names for things shown in the directory one level **above** the things to which the names actually refer.
  
 Each box represents an inode; the inode numbers for the box are given beside the box, on the left. Each box represents an inode; the inode numbers for the box are given beside the box, on the left.
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                       |  The ROOT directory itself does not have a name, because there is no directory above it to give it a name!                       |  The ROOT directory itself does not have a name, because there is no directory above it to give it a name!
                       V                         V  
-        +----+-----+---------------------------------------------------++        +----+-----+--------------------------------------------------------+
     #5  |. 5 |.. 2 | peter 31 | virginia 36 | felix 39 | abcd0001 21 | ...  |     #5  |. 5 |.. 2 | peter 31 | virginia 36 | felix 39 | abcd0001 21 | ...  |
-        +----+-----+--v------------------------------------------------++        +----+-----+--v-----------------------------------------------------+
                       |  The inode #5 above is the "home" directory.                        |  The inode #5 above is the "home" directory. 
                       |  The name "home" isn't here; it's up in the ROOT directory, above.                       |  The name "home" isn't here; it's up in the ROOT directory, above.
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     #31 |. 31|.. 5 | test 12 | temp 15 | Documents 8 | Downloads 7 | demo 6 | ... |     #31 |. 31|.. 5 | test 12 | temp 15 | Documents 8 | Downloads 7 | demo 6 | ... |
         +----+-----+--v-----------------------------------v-----------------------+         +----+-----+--v-----------------------------------v-----------------------+
-                      |  The inode #31 above is the "     | +                      |  The inode #31 above is the       | 
-                      |  peter" directory.                |+                      |  "peter" directory.               |
                       |  The name "peter" isn't here;     |                       |  The name "peter" isn't here;     |
                       |  it's up in the "home" directory, |                       |  it's up in the "home" directory, |
                       |  above.                           |                       |  above.                           |
                       |  This directory has the names     |                       |  This directory has the names     |
-                      |  "test " and "Downloads" in it    |+                      |  "test " and "Downloads" in it.   |
                       |                                   V                       |                                   V
-        +----+-----+--|-------------------------------------------+ +        +----+-----+--|------------------------------------------+ 
-    #7  |. 7 |.. 31|  |  test 12 | morestuf 123 | junk 99 | ... | +    #7  |. 7 |.. 31|  |  afile 12 | morestuf 123 | junk 99 | ... | 
-        +----+-----+--|-------v-----------------------------------++        +----+-----+--|-------v----------------------------------+
                       |       |  The inode #7 above is the "Downloads" directory.                       |       |  The inode #7 above is the "Downloads" directory.
                       |       |  The name "Downloads" isn't here;                        |       |  The name "Downloads" isn't here; 
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 The box below represents the actual disk space given to the `test` file, inode `#12`: The box below represents the actual disk space given to the `test` file, inode `#12`:
  
-        *-----------*+        +-----------+
     #12 | file data |     #12 | file data |
-        *-----------*+        +-----------+
  
 The name `test` for this inode isn't in this inode; the name `test` is up in the `peter` directory. The name `test` for this inode isn't in this inode; the name `test` is up in the `peter` directory.
linux/files_system.1603792978.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020/10/27 10:02 by 192.168.1.1
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