linux:files_system
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| linux:files_system [2020/10/27 09:46] – [Inodes contain attributes (owners, permissions, times, etc.)] 192.168.1.1 | linux:files_system [2022/07/09 13:44] (current) – 185.192.71.121 | ||
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| ====== Linux - Files System ====== | ====== Linux - Files System ====== | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | / Root | ||
| + | -> /bin User Binaries | ||
| + | -> /boot Boot Loader Files | ||
| + | -> /dev Device Files | ||
| + | -> /etc Configuration Files | ||
| + | -> /home Home Directories | ||
| + | -> /lib System Libraries | ||
| + | -> / | ||
| + | -> /mnt Mount Directory | ||
| + | -> /opt Optional Add-On Applications | ||
| + | -> /proc | ||
| + | -> /sbin | ||
| + | -> /srv Service Data | ||
| + | -> /tmp Temporary Files | ||
| + | -> /usr User System Resources | ||
| + | -> /var Variable Files | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ---- | ||
| {{: | {{: | ||
| Line 291: | Line 312: | ||
| That directly data is simply a list of names and inode numbers. | That directly data is simply a list of names and inode numbers. | ||
| - | The directory inode contains attribute information about the *directory*, | + | The directory inode contains attribute information about the **directory**, itself, not about the things named **in** the directory. (Use **ls -ld** to see the attributes of the directory inode itself.) |
| <WRAP info> | <WRAP info> | ||
| Line 322: | Line 343: | ||
| A Unix directory is only a list of pairs of names and associated inode numbers. | A Unix directory is only a list of pairs of names and associated inode numbers. | ||
| - | The attribute information about an item named *in* a directory -- the type, permissions, | + | The attribute information about an item named **in** a directory -- the type, permissions, |
| Reading a Unix directory tells you only some names and inode numbers; you know nothing about the types, sizes, owners, or modify times of those inodes unless you actually go out to each separate inode on disk and access it to read its attributes. | Reading a Unix directory tells you only some names and inode numbers; you know nothing about the types, sizes, owners, or modify times of those inodes unless you actually go out to each separate inode on disk and access it to read its attributes. | ||
| Line 416: | Line 437: | ||
| ---- | ---- | ||
| - | ===== Tracing Inodes in Pathnames | + | ===== Tracing Inodes in Pathnames ===== |
| - | Below is an ASCII Art diagram of some directories and a hard-linked file with two names. | ||
| ==== Slashes separate names in pathnames ==== | ==== Slashes separate names in pathnames ==== | ||
| Line 453: | Line 474: | ||
| ==== Names reside above the things they name ==== | ==== Names reside above the things they name ==== | ||
| - | Below is a file system diagram written correctly, with the names for things shown in the directory one level *above* the things to which the names actually refer. | + | Below is a file system diagram written correctly, with the names for things shown in the directory one level **above** the things to which the names actually refer. |
| Each box represents an inode; the inode numbers for the box are given beside the box, on the left. | Each box represents an inode; the inode numbers for the box are given beside the box, on the left. | ||
| Line 478: | Line 499: | ||
| | The ROOT directory itself does not have a name, because there is no directory above it to give it a name! | | The ROOT directory itself does not have a name, because there is no directory above it to give it a name! | ||
| V | V | ||
| - | +----+-----+---------------------------------------------------+ | + | +----+-----+--------------------------------------------------------+ |
| #5 |. 5 |.. 2 | peter 31 | virginia 36 | felix 39 | abcd0001 21 | ... | | #5 |. 5 |.. 2 | peter 31 | virginia 36 | felix 39 | abcd0001 21 | ... | | ||
| - | +----+-----+--v------------------------------------------------+ | + | +----+-----+--v-----------------------------------------------------+ |
| | The inode #5 above is the " | | The inode #5 above is the " | ||
| | The name " | | The name " | ||
| Line 488: | Line 509: | ||
| #31 |. 31|.. 5 | test 12 | temp 15 | Documents 8 | Downloads 7 | demo 6 | ... | | #31 |. 31|.. 5 | test 12 | temp 15 | Documents 8 | Downloads 7 | demo 6 | ... | | ||
| +----+-----+--v-----------------------------------v-----------------------+ | +----+-----+--v-----------------------------------v-----------------------+ | ||
| - | | The inode #31 above is the " | + | | The inode #31 above is the |
| - | | peter" directory. | + | | |
| | The name " | | The name " | ||
| | it's up in the " | | it's up in the " | ||
| | above. | | above. | ||
| | This directory has the names | | | This directory has the names | | ||
| - | | "test " and " | + | | "test " and " |
| | V | | V | ||
| - | +----+-----+--|-------------------------------------------+ | + | +----+-----+--|------------------------------------------+ |
| - | #7 |. 7 |.. 31| | | + | #7 |. 7 |.. 31| | |
| - | +----+-----+--|-------v-----------------------------------+ | + | +----+-----+--|-------v----------------------------------+ |
| | | | | ||
| | | | | ||
| Line 636: | Line 657: | ||
| The box below represents the actual disk space given to the `test` file, inode `#12`: | The box below represents the actual disk space given to the `test` file, inode `#12`: | ||
| - | | + | |
| #12 | file data | | #12 | file data | | ||
| - | | + | |
| The name `test` for this inode isn't in this inode; the name `test` is up in the `peter` directory. | The name `test` for this inode isn't in this inode; the name `test` is up in the `peter` directory. | ||
linux/files_system.1603792015.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020/10/27 09:46 by 192.168.1.1