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--- ffmpeg:subtitles:ass_file_syntax [2024/12/30 23:06] – peter
+++ ffmpeg:subtitles:ass_file_syntax [2024/12/30 23:49] (current) – peter
@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
   * SubStation Alpha (SSA) is a subtitling / script format that supports text formatting, animation, graphics and karaoke.
-----
-===== File Specification =====
-SSA and ASS files are plain text files.
-  * ASS added Unicode support.
-----
-===== ASS (SSA V4+) =====
 ASS is an improvement upon the SSA V4 specification.
@@ Line 27: / Line 16: @@
 Fields on the line data are separated by a comma and, with the exception of the Text field, which should be the last field, must not contain any commas.
 ----
-===== Descriptors =====
+===== File Specification =====
-<td Original Script
+SSA and ASS files are plain text files.
-Original Translation
-Original Editing
+  * ASS added Unicode support.
-Original Timing
-Script Updated By
-(mostly optional) >Contributors to the production of the script. <td PlayResX
-PlayResY >The resolution of the script.
 ----
-A comment line.
+===== Scripts =====
-A description of the script.
-The version of the file format. For ASS, this is v4.00+.
+See: [[https://aegisub.org/]]
-Details regarding updates made to the script can be placed here.
-Where in the video will the script begin playback
-How collisions are managed. Possible values are: Normal - subtitles are stacked onto each other, and Reverse - subtitles are shifted to make way for new ones.
-The speed of the script. This value is a multiplier times 100 of the speed of the script playback.
-- Smart wrapping, lines are evenly broken
-- End of line word wrapping, hard breaks only.
-- No word wrapping. Both line breaks allowed.
-- Smart wrapping with lower lines wider.
 ----
@@ Line 71: / Line 49: @@
 {{c|key1|Style:}} Default{{c|key|,}}Arial{{c|key|,}}28{{c|key|,}}&H00FFFFFF{{c|key|,}}&H1EFFFFFF{{c|key|,}}&H0048001C{{c|key|,}}&H7F000000{{c|key|,}}-1{{c|key|,}}0{{c|key|,}}0{{c|key|,}}0{{c|key|,}}100{{c|key|,}}100{{c|key|,}}0{{c|key|,}}0{{c|key|,}}1{{c|key|,}}1.5{{c|key|,}}0.5{{c|key|,}}2{{c|key|,}}10{{c|key|,}}10{{c|key|,}}10{{c|key|,}}1
 </code>
+<WRAP info>
+**NOTE:**
+  * **Format**:  Defines the format of subsequent Style lines. This is provided for backward-compatibility.
+  * **Style**:  Defines a style. The style is subsequently identified by its Name field.
+</WRAP>
 ----
-Format
+===== Styles =====
-    Defines the format of subsequent Style lines. This is provided for backward-compatibility.
-Style
-    Defines a style. The style is subsequently identified by its Name field.
 ^Field^Description^
@@ Line 89: / Line 70: @@
 |OutlineColour|(SSA uses TertiaryColor) The color used to outline the font.|
 |BackColour|The color of the subtitle shadow.|
-|Bold|
+|Bold|Text formatting that can be applied to the subtitle. Boolean value. (See Data types section.)|
-|Italic|
+|Italic|:::|
-|Underline (v4+)|
+|Underline (v4+)|:::|
-|Strikeout (v4+)|Text formatting that can be applied to the subtitle. Boolean value. (See Data types section.)|
+|Strikeout (v4+)|:::|
-|ScaleX|
+|ScaleX|(v4+) 	These are multipliers that can be used to scale the subtitle.|
-|ScaleY|
+|ScaleY|:::|
-|(v4+) 	These are multipliers that can be used to scale the subtitle.
 |Angle (v4+)|The rotation of the subtitle, in floating-point degrees. The rotation origin depends on the alignment of the subtitle.|
 |BorderStyle|1 - Outline with shadow, 3 - Rendered with an opaque box.|
@@ Line 116: / Line 96: @@
 ^Field^Description^
 |Layer|An integer indicating the layer the subtitle is in. Subtitles having different layer numbers will be ignored during collision detection. Lower layer numbers are drawn first.|
-|Start|The start time of the subtitle. See the Data types section.|
+|Start|The start time of the subtitle. See the **Data types** section.|
 |End|The end time of the subtitle.|
 |Style|The style to be used by the script. Styles are defined in the Styles section.|
 |Name|The person who spoke the dialog.|
-|MarginL|
+|MarginL|4-digit margin override.|
-|MarginR
+|MarginR|:::|
-|MarginV|4-digit margin override.|
+|MarginV|:::|
 |Effect|An effect or special directive associated with the line. Possible values are:|
-|Scroll up;<y1|0>;<y2|0>;<delay(1-100)>[;fadeawayheight],|
+|:::|<nowiki>Scroll up;<y1|0>;<y2|0>;<delay(1-100)>[;fadeawayheight],</nowiki>|
-|Banner;<delay(1-100)>[;lefttoright(0|1)][;<fadeawaywidth],|
+|:::|<nowiki>Banner;<delay(1-100)>[;lefttoright(0|1)][;<fadeawaywidth],</nowiki>|
-|Scroll down;<y1|0>;<y2|0>;<delay(1-100)>[;fadeawayheight]|
+|:::|<nowiki>Scroll down;<y1|0>;<y2|0>;<delay(1-100)>[;fadeawayheight]</nowiki>|
 |Text|The subtitle text. This is a special field in the sense that it must always be the last field, and can contain commas.|
 The following are the Event section descriptors:
@@ Line 139: / Line 120: @@
 |Command|Executes the program with the path specified in the Text field.|
+----
+===== Style overrides =====
+The ASS format has an extensive set of overrides that can be used to modify parts of or whole specific subtitles.
+  * All override codes except for \N, \n and \h must be enclosed in curly brackets ({}).
+  * Consecutive override codes may be placed inside a single pair of brackets.
+  * Override codes typically affect only the text succeeding it, but some codes modify the whole line.
+  * All override codes are preceded by a backslash (\) and may contain a parameter, if it must be provided.
+  * If an override code requires 2 or more parameters, these are placed inside parentheses and are comma-delimited.
+The following is a list of ASS override codes.
+^Override code^Parameters^Description^
+|n| |Soft line break - the line may break here.|
+|N| |Hard / forced line break|
+|h| |Non-breaking space|
+|b|0 1|Bold; off (0) or on (1)|
+|i|0 1|Italic; off (0) or on (1)|
+|u|0 1|Underline; off (0) or on (1)|
+|s|0 1|Strikethrough; off (0) or on (1)|
+|bord|width|Border|
+|shad|depth|Shadow|
+|be|blur amount|Outline blur ("blur edges")|
+|fn|Font name|Changes the font.|
+|fs|size|Font size|
+|fscx|Percent|Font scaling|
+|fscy|:::|:::|
+|fsp|pixels|Font spacing|
+|fr/frz|degrees|Rotation around the x/y/z-axes.|
+|frx|:::|:::|
+|fry|:::|:::|
+|fe|charset|Encoding number|
+|c/1c|color|Primary / secondary / outline / shadow colour|
+|2c|:::|:::|
+|3c|:::|:::|
+|4c|:::|:::|
+|alpha/1a|alpha value|Primary / secondary / outline / shadow transparency|
+|2a|:::|:::|
+|3a|:::|:::|
+|4a|:::|:::|
+|an|alignment code|Alignment|
+|k|duration (x0.01s)|The duration of time, in centiseconds, the succeeding text will be displayed, until the end of the line or the next k override code. This creates a karaoke effect.|
+|kf/K|:::|:::|
+|ko|:::|:::|
+|q|integer|Wrapping style|
+|r|[style]|Resets all previous override styles, applying the default style. To apply a different style, put it as a parameter.|
+|t|([<start>, <end>,][<accel>,]<styles>)|Applies a transition animation to the line. The start and end times are in milliseconds, and the styles can be any combination of the available animatable styles.|
+|pos|(x,y)|Sets the position of the subtitle anchor, where 0,0 is the top-left corner. Note that the subtitle anchor also depends on the line's alignment.|
+|move|(x1,y1,x2,y2[,t1, t2])|Animates the subtitle position at the specified time or at the entirety of the subtitle time from point 1 to point 2. Time is in milliseconds, relative to the beginning of the subtitle. The subtitle anchor depends on the line's alignment.|
+|org|(x,y)|Relocates the rotation origin of the subtitle. By default, the subtitle rotates about its anchor.|
+|fade|a1,a2,t1,t2,t3,t4|Creates a three-part fade animation.|
+|fad|fade in duration, fade out duration|Sets a fade-in and fade-out duration. 0 will effectively disable the effect.|
+|clip|x1,y1,x2,y2|Clips a subtitle inside a rectangle.|
+|clip|[scale,] drawing|Clips a subtitle inside a drawing.|
+----
+===== File attachment =====
+Files can be attached to scripts and are stored as plain text. The method used is a form of UUEncoding.
+----
+===== Data types =====
+  * **Color**:  Color values are expressed in hexadecimal BGR format as &HBBGGRR& or ABGR (with alpha channel) as &HAABBGGRR&.
+    * Transparency (alpha) can be expressed as &HAA&. Note that in the alpha channel, 00 is opaque and FF is transparent.
+  * **Boolean values (Styles section)**:  -1 is true, 0 is false.
+  * **Alignment**:  Alignment values are based on the numeric keypad.
+    * 1 - bottom left, 2 - bottom center, 3 - bottom right, 4 - center left, 5 - center center, 6 - center right, 7 - top left, 8 - top center, 9 - top right.
+    * In addition to determining the position of the subtitle, this also determines the alignment of the text itself.
+  * **Time**:  Time is expressed as h:mm:ss:xx (xx being hundredths of seconds).
+    * The hour can only be a single digit.
+----
+===== References =====
+https://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=SubStation_Alpha
+https://aegisub.org/
+https://validator.subtitledpro.com/