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This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- benchmark:disk_speedtest_using_dd [2016/07/10 00:34] – created peter
+++ benchmark:disk_speedtest_using_dd [2019/11/26 20:48] (current) – removed peter
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-====== Benchmark - Disk Speedtest using dd ======
-The **dd** command is readily available in almost all distributions out of the box and is pretty easy to use.
-dd is used to write or read from any block device in Linux. And you can do a lot of stuff with this command.
-With the dd command we will only be testing sequential read and sequential write.
-<code bash>
-dd if=/dev/zero of=speedtest bs=1M count=100
-</code>
-Result:
-<code>
-+0 records in
-+0 records out
-104857600 bytes (105 MB, 100 MiB) copied, 0.0963094 s, 1.1 GB/s
-</code>
-The speed that dd reported to us is the speed with which data was cached to RAM memory, not to the disk.
-To have the dd command report the speed only after the data is synced with the disk, issue the command:
-<code bash>
-dd if=/dev/zero of=speedtest bs=1M count=100 conv=fdatasync
-</code>
-Result:
-<code>
-+0 records in
-+0 records out
-104857600 bytes (105 MB, 100 MiB) copied, 0.107805 s, 973 MB/s
-</code>
-Test with a larger amount.  This should be roughly 200MB.
-<code bash>
-dd if=/dev/zero of=speedtest bs=64k count=3200 conv=fdatasync
-</code>
-Result:
-<code>
-+0 records in
-+0 records out
-209715200 bytes (210 MB, 200 MiB) copied, 0.19644 s, 1.1 GB/s
-</code>
-**NOTE**:  If you do not specify the block size, the default block size is used when running programs such as **mke2fs**.  You can verify the default size with the following commands.
-<code bash>
-tune2fs -l /dev/sda1
-</code>
-Result:
-<code>
-tune2fs -l /dev/sda1
-tune2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
-Filesystem volume name:   <none>
-Last mounted on:          /boot
-Filesystem UUID:          820755d6-52d8-49ae-a297-83c55c4ed956
-Filesystem magic number:  0xEF53
-Filesystem revision #:    1 (dynamic)
-Filesystem features:      has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize
-Filesystem flags:         signed_directory_hash
-Default mount options:    user_xattr acl
-Filesystem state:         clean
-Errors behavior:          Continue
-Filesystem OS type:       Linux
-Inode count:              122160
-Block count:              488192
-Reserved block count:     24409
-Free blocks:              415203
-Free inodes:              121838
-First block:              0
-Block size:               4096
-Fragment size:            4096
-Reserved GDT blocks:      119
-Blocks per group:         32768
-Fragments per group:      32768
-Inodes per group:         8144
-Inode blocks per group:   509
-Flex block group size:    16
-Filesystem created:       Mon Jul 27 20:36:24 2015
-Last mount time:          Thu Jun 30 19:47:47 2016
-Last write time:          Thu Jun 30 19:47:47 2016
-Mount count:              31
-Maximum mount count:      -1
-Last checked:             Mon Jul 27 20:36:24 2015
-Check interval:           0 (<none>)
-Lifetime writes:          1621 MB
-Reserved blocks uid:      0 (user root)
-Reserved blocks gid:      0 (group root)
-First inode:              11
-Inode size:	          256
-Required extra isize:     28
-Desired extra isize:      28
-Journal inode:            8
-Default directory hash:   half_md4
-Directory Hash Seed:      924e9301-4759-4f93-8d17-f0ab4f4a9d46
-Journal backup:           inode blocks
-</code>
-or
-<code>
-dumpe2fs /dev/sda1
-</code>
-Result:
-<code>
-root@server1:~# dumpe2fs /dev/sda1
-dumpe2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
-Filesystem volume name:   <none>
-Last mounted on:          /boot
-Filesystem UUID:          820755d6-52d8-49ae-a297-83c55c4ed956
-Filesystem magic number:  0xEF53
-Filesystem revision #:    1 (dynamic)
-Filesystem features:      has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize
-Filesystem flags:         signed_directory_hash
-Default mount options:    user_xattr acl
-Filesystem state:         clean
-Errors behavior:          Continue
-Filesystem OS type:       Linux
-Inode count:              122160
-Block count:              488192
-Reserved block count:     24409
-Free blocks:              415203
-Free inodes:              121838
-First block:              0
-Block size:               4096
-Fragment size:            4096
-Reserved GDT blocks:      119
-Blocks per group:         32768
-Fragments per group:      32768
-Inodes per group:         8144
-Inode blocks per group:   509
-Flex block group size:    16
-Filesystem created:       Mon Jul 27 20:36:24 2015
-Last mount time:          Thu Jun 30 19:47:47 2016
-Last write time:          Thu Jun 30 19:47:47 2016
-Mount count:              31
-Maximum mount count:      -1
-Last checked:             Mon Jul 27 20:36:24 2015
-Check interval:           0 (<none>)
-Lifetime writes:          1621 MB
-Reserved blocks uid:      0 (user root)
-Reserved blocks gid:      0 (group root)
-First inode:              11
-Inode size:	          256
-Required extra isize:     28
-Desired extra isize:      28
-Journal inode:            8
-Default directory hash:   half_md4
-Directory Hash Seed:      924e9301-4759-4f93-8d17-f0ab4f4a9d46
-Journal backup:           inode blocks
-Journal features:         (none)
-Journal size:             32M
-Journal length:           8192
-Journal sequence:         0x00000c0d
-Journal start:            1
-Group 0: (Blocks 0-32767) [ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0xb7aa, unused inodes 7811
-  Primary superblock at 0, Group descriptors at 1-1
-  Reserved GDT blocks at 2-120
-  Block bitmap at 121 (+121), Inode bitmap at 136 (+136)
-  Inode table at 151-659 (+151)
-free blocks, 7823 free inodes, 5 directories, 7811 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 8095-8101, 9048-9767, 11744-16383, 18098-18925, 18928-22980, 23910-32767
-  Free inodes: 322-8144
-Group 1: (Blocks 32768-65535) [ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0x4b76, unused inodes 8143
-  Backup superblock at 32768, Group descriptors at 32769-32769
-  Reserved GDT blocks at 32770-32888
-  Block bitmap at 122 (bg #0 + 122), Inode bitmap at 137 (bg #0 + 137)
-  Inode table at 660-1168 (bg #0 + 660)
-free blocks, 8143 free inodes, 1 directories, 8143 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 32890-33279, 33281-33815, 34686-34815, 34863-34940, 35244-36351, 36353-37375, 37401-37889, 38831-40959, 41476-41983, 41991-43519, 43540-44543, 44545-53247, 55296-59391, 63488-65535
-  Free inodes: 8146-16288
-Group 2: (Blocks 65536-98303) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0xde2e, unused inodes 8144
-  Block bitmap at 123 (bg #0 + 123), Inode bitmap at 138 (bg #0 + 138)
-  Inode table at 1169-1677 (bg #0 + 1169)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 65536-69631, 71648-71679, 75486-75487, 75512-76159, 76206-76287, 76921-77439, 77469-77485, 77532-77823, 79352-79871, 86016-92159, 98253-98303
-  Free inodes: 16289-24432
-Group 3: (Blocks 98304-131071) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0xa86f, unused inodes 8144
-  Backup superblock at 98304, Group descriptors at 98305-98305
-  Reserved GDT blocks at 98306-98424
-  Block bitmap at 124 (bg #0 + 124), Inode bitmap at 139 (bg #0 + 139)
-  Inode table at 1678-2186 (bg #0 + 1678)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 99671-100365, 106075-108493, 108541-108543, 114688-122879, 129024-131071
-  Free inodes: 24433-32576
-Group 4: (Blocks 131072-163839) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0x9038, unused inodes 8144
-  Block bitmap at 125 (bg #0 + 125), Inode bitmap at 140 (bg #0 + 140)
-  Inode table at 2187-2695 (bg #0 + 2187)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 133070-163839
-  Free inodes: 32577-40720
-Group 5: (Blocks 163840-196607) [INODE_UNINIT, BLOCK_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0x59ef, unused inodes 8144
-  Backup superblock at 163840, Group descriptors at 163841-163841
-  Reserved GDT blocks at 163842-163960
-  Block bitmap at 126 (bg #0 + 126), Inode bitmap at 141 (bg #0 + 141)
-  Inode table at 2696-3204 (bg #0 + 2696)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 163961-196607
-  Free inodes: 40721-48864
-Group 6: (Blocks 196608-229375) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0xadc6, unused inodes 8144
-  Block bitmap at 127 (bg #0 + 127), Inode bitmap at 142 (bg #0 + 142)
-  Inode table at 3205-3713 (bg #0 + 3205)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 204800-229375
-  Free inodes: 48865-57008
-Group 7: (Blocks 229376-262143) [INODE_UNINIT, BLOCK_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0x27cd, unused inodes 8144
-  Backup superblock at 229376, Group descriptors at 229377-229377
-  Reserved GDT blocks at 229378-229496
-  Block bitmap at 128 (bg #0 + 128), Inode bitmap at 143 (bg #0 + 143)
-  Inode table at 3714-4222 (bg #0 + 3714)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 229497-262143
-  Free inodes: 57009-65152
-Group 8: (Blocks 262144-294911) [INODE_UNINIT, BLOCK_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0x5388, unused inodes 8144
-  Block bitmap at 129 (bg #0 + 129), Inode bitmap at 144 (bg #0 + 144)
-  Inode table at 4223-4731 (bg #0 + 4223)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 262144-294911
-  Free inodes: 65153-73296
-Group 9: (Blocks 294912-327679) [INODE_UNINIT, BLOCK_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0x1bcb, unused inodes 8144
-  Backup superblock at 294912, Group descriptors at 294913-294913
-  Reserved GDT blocks at 294914-295032
-  Block bitmap at 130 (bg #0 + 130), Inode bitmap at 145 (bg #0 + 145)
-  Inode table at 4732-5240 (bg #0 + 4732)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 295033-327679
-  Free inodes: 73297-81440
-Group 10: (Blocks 327680-360447) [INODE_UNINIT, BLOCK_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0x78db, unused inodes 8144
-  Block bitmap at 131 (bg #0 + 131), Inode bitmap at 146 (bg #0 + 146)
-  Inode table at 5241-5749 (bg #0 + 5241)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 327680-360447
-  Free inodes: 81441-89584
-Group 11: (Blocks 360448-393215) [INODE_UNINIT, BLOCK_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0x38ba, unused inodes 8144
-  Block bitmap at 132 (bg #0 + 132), Inode bitmap at 147 (bg #0 + 147)
-  Inode table at 5750-6258 (bg #0 + 5750)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 360448-393215
-  Free inodes: 89585-97728
-Group 12: (Blocks 393216-425983) [INODE_UNINIT, BLOCK_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0x052e, unused inodes 8144
-  Block bitmap at 133 (bg #0 + 133), Inode bitmap at 148 (bg #0 + 148)
-  Inode table at 6259-6767 (bg #0 + 6259)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 393216-425983
-  Free inodes: 97729-105872
-Group 13: (Blocks 425984-458751) [INODE_UNINIT, BLOCK_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0x1084, unused inodes 8144
-  Block bitmap at 134 (bg #0 + 134), Inode bitmap at 149 (bg #0 + 149)
-  Inode table at 6768-7276 (bg #0 + 6768)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 425984-458751
-  Free inodes: 105873-114016
-Group 14: (Blocks 458752-488191) [INODE_UNINIT, ITABLE_ZEROED]
-  Checksum 0x81a8, unused inodes 8144
-  Block bitmap at 135 (bg #0 + 135), Inode bitmap at 150 (bg #0 + 150)
-  Inode table at 7277-7785 (bg #0 + 7277)
-free blocks, 8144 free inodes, 0 directories, 8144 unused inodes
-  Free blocks: 458752-488191
-  Free inodes: 114017-122160
-</code>
-===== Test the sequential read speed =====
-<code bash>
-dd if=speedtest of=/dev/null bs=64k count=24000
-</code>
-Result:
-<code>
-+0 records in
-+0 records out
-209715200 bytes (210 MB, 200 MiB) copied, 0.0577722 s, 3.6 GB/s
-</code>