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--- bash:aliases [2020/05/05 18:33] – peter
+++ bash:aliases [2021/01/09 13:36] (current) – peter
@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 Aliases are very convenient to use for frequently used commands.
-For example, here the alias **c** is created against **clear** command.
+----
+===== Example =====
+An alias **c** is created against **clear** command.
 <code bash>
-alias c='clear'
+alias c='clear'`
 </code>
@@ Line 19: / Line 24: @@
 [[BASH:Aliases:My Aliases|My Aliases]]
 ----
-Create the file /etc/profile.d/bash_aliases.sh which will contain all the aliases.
+[[BASH:Aliases:Delete an alias|Delete an alias]]
-<file bash /etc/profile.d/bash_aliases.sh>
+[[BASH:Aliases:Disable an alias temporarily|Disable an alias temporarily]]
-# Instruct bash to expand the arguments to aliases.
-shopt -s expand_aliases
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
+[[BASH:Aliases:Examples|Examples]]
-# Protection for these commands; which will prompt before overwriting.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Do not delete / and prompt before deleting.
-alias rm='rm -i --preserve-root'
-alias cp='cp -i'
+[[BASH:Aliases:Local vs Global Aliases|Local vs Global Aliases]]
-alias mv='mv -i'
-alias ln='ln -i'
-# Preventing changing perms on /
+[[BASH:Aliases:OS specific aliases|OS specific aliases]]
-alias chown='chown --preserve-root'
-alias chmod='chmod --preserve-root'
-alias chgrp='chgrp --preserve-root'
-alias rmdir='rm -Rf $1'
+[[BASH:Aliases:Privileged access specific aliases|Privileged access specific aliases]]
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# cd
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# To pick up when user forgets the space.
-alias cd..='cd ..'
-# Uses cd() function = pushd,·
-# b = go backwards (popd), f = go forwards (kind of like "unpopd").
-alias d='dirs'
-alias b='pushd +1'         # go backwards (popd).
-alias f='pushd -0'         # go forwards (kind of like "unpopd").
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
+----
-# Disk
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias du='du -kh'          # Human-readable format.
-alias dutotal='du -ch 2> /dev/null |tail -1'  # Displays only the total.
-alias dutop10='du -hsx * | sort -rh | head -10'  # What is using the most space.
-alias df='\df -kTh;\df -Thl --total | grep total'  # Adds total to the df command.
-# Shows the individual partition usages without the temporary memory values.
-alias dfx='\df -kThl --exclude-type=tmpfs --exclude-type=devtmpfs'
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Directories.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias mkdir='mkdir -p'     # Make parent directories if needed.
-alias back='cd $OLDPWD'    # Return to the last directory you were in.  Same as 'cd -'.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Downloading.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias wget='wget -c'       # -c flag to continue download in case of problems.·
-alias wgetpage='wget --html-extension --recursive --convert-links --page-requisites --no-parent $1'
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Files.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias fcount='ls -l | wc -l' # File count.
-alias fcounta='ls -la | wc -l' # File count (incl hidden files).
-alias fcountr='find . -type f | wc -l' # File count recursive.
-alias lastmodified='find -type f -print0 | xargs -r0 stat -c %y\ %n | sort'
-alias nocomment='grep -Ev "^(#|$)"'  # Show text file without comment (#) lines; or empty lines.
-alias bigfiles='find . -type f 2>/dev/null | xargs du -a 2>/dev/null | awk "{ if ( \$1 > 5000) print \$0 }" | sort -hr'
-alias verybigfiles='find . -type f 2>/dev/null | xargs du -a 2>/dev/null | awk "{ if ( \$1 > 500000) print \$0 }" | sort -hr'
-alias brokenlinks='\find . -xtype l -printf "%p -> %l\n"'  # Find broken symlinks.
-# count files by type - http://www.shell-fu.org/lister.php?id=173
-alias ftype="find ${*-.} -type f | xargs file | awk -F, '{print $1}' | awk '{$1=NULL;print $0}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr"
-# Show diffs between files
-alias fdiff='grep -F -x -v -f $1 $2'
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# File Permissions.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias fperm="find . -type f -exec chmod 0644 '{}' \;"
-alias dperm="find . -type d -exec chmod 0755 '{}' \;"
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Greps.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias grep='grep --color=auto'  #·
-alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'  #
-alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'  #
-alias grepall='find . -name "*" | xargs grep --color=auto '
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Logs.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# alias syslog='sudo tail -10f /var/log/syslog'  # Follow syslog.
-# alias messages='sudo tail -10f /var/log/messages'  # Follow messages.
-# Last 10 items within every log file.
-alias logs='tail -f /var/log/{dmesg,messages,*{,/*}{log,err}}'
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# ls.  (Assumes you use a recent GNU ls).
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias ls='ls -h --color=auto'  # Add colors and human-readable sizes by default on 'ls'.
-alias lsa='ls -A'          # Show hidden files.
-alias lsd='ls -d */ >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; [ $? -eq 0 ] && ls -d */ || : ;'  # List only directories, if any exist.
-alias lsdf='ls -v --group-directories-first'  # Directories first, with alphanumeric sorting.
-alias lsdt='ls -h --group-directories-first --time-style=+"%d.%m.%Y %H:%M" --color=auto -F'
-alias lse='ls -AF | grep \*'  # Show executables only.
-alias lsh='ls -Am'         # List files horizontally, comma-separated.
-alias lsm='ls -Al |more'   # Pipe through 'more'.
-alias lsne='ls -AF | grep -v \*'  # Show non executables only.
-alias lsnx='ls -AF | egrep -v "\.|/"'  # Show only file without an extension.
-alias lsr='ls -lR'         # List files recursively.
-alias lssh='ls -Ax'        # Sort by name horizontally.
-alias lsss='ls -Sr'        # Sort by size, biggest last.
-alias lsssh='ls -shAxSr'   # Sort by size, biggest last, horizontally.
-alias lsst='ls -Atr'       # Sort by date, most recent last
-alias lssta='ls -Atur'     # Sort by/show access time,most recent last.
-alias lsstc='ls -Atcr'     # Sort by/show change time,most recent last.
-alias lssx='ls -AXB'       # Sort by extension.
-alias lsx='ls -AF | egrep "\.|/"'  # Show only file with an extension.
-alias ll='ls -lF'          # Long listing, classify.
-alias lla='ls -lAF'        # All files, long listing.
-alias lld='ls -lFA | grep :*/'  # List only directories, if any exist.
-alias lldf='ls -lv --group-directories-first'  # Directories first, with alphanumeric sorting.
-alias lldt='ls -lh --group-directories-first --time-style=+"%d.%m.%Y %H:%M" --color=auto -F'
-alias lle='ls -lFA | grep \*'  # Show executables only.
-alias llm='ll |more'       # Pipe through 'more'
-alias llne='ls -lFA | grep -v \*'  # Show non executables only.
-alias llnx='ls -lFA | egrep -v "\.|/"'  # Show only file without an extension.
-alias llr='ll -lAR'        # Recursive ls.
-alias llss='ls -lSr'       # Sort by size, biggest last.
-alias llst='ls -lAtrh'     # Sort by date, most recent last, and human readable
-alias llsta='ls -ltur'     # Sort by/show access time,most recent last.
-alias llstc='ls -ltcr'     # Sort by/show change time,most recent last.
-alias llsx='ls -lXB'       # Sort by extension.
-alias llx='ls -lFA | egrep "\.|/"'  # Show only file with an extension.
-alias tree='find . | sed "s/[^/]*\//|   /g;s/| *\([^| ]\)/+--- \1/"'  # Simple tree of current dir.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Memory.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias mem='echo -e Memory usage: $(free -h | grep "+" | cut -c26-30)/ $(free -h | grep "Mem:" | cut -c15-18)'
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Misc.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias mount='mount | column -t'   # Make mount command output pretty and human readable format.
-alias pause='read -n 1 -p "Press any key to continue…"'
-alias restart='killall -SIGUSR1'
-alias utf='iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t UTF-8'
-alias which='type -a'      # Includes aliases.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Networking.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias connections='sudo /usr/bin/lsof -i -P'
-alias openports='netstat -lntp 2>/dev/null | grep -v " - *$"'  # Shows open ports.
-alias macs='ifconfig | grep HWaddr'  # Shows MAC addresses for all nics.
-alias nics='ifconfig em1 | egrep "[0-9]{1,3}(\.[0-9]{1,3}){3}"'  # Shows all nics.
-alias ping='ping -c 5'  # Stop after sending count ECHO_REQUEST packets.
-alias fastping='sudo ping -c 5 -s.2'  # Do not wait interval 1 second, go fast.
-# Network diagnostic.
-# Usage: mtr google.com
-alias trace='mtr --report-wide --curses $1'
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Path.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Pretty-print of some PATH variables:
-alias path='echo -e ${PATH//:/\\n}'
-alias libpath='echo -e ${LD_LIBRARY_PATH//:/\\n}'
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Processes.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias psc='ps h -eo pcpu,pmem,pid,comm,user,cputime | sort -nr | head'
-alias psm='ps h -eo pmem,pcpu,pid,comm,user,cputime | sort -nr | head'
-alias pstree='ps -e -o pid,args --forest'
-alias psfull='ps -auxwww'  # ps with wide output so you can see full commands.
-# usage: psg peter
-# usage: psg ssh
-alias psg='ps -Helf | grep -v $$ | grep -i -e WCHAN -e '  # ps grep.
-# Show only my procs.
-alias myps='ps -fHu $USER'     # if not $USER, try $LOGIN
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Programming – C/C++/Java/PHP.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Count lines of php code under the current directory.
-alias countphp='find . -name "*.php" -print0 | xargs -0 wc'
-# Count lines of java code under the current directory.
-alias countjava='find . -name "*.java" -print0 | xargs -0 wc'
-# Count lines of C or C++ or Obj-C code under the current directory.
-alias countc='find . \( -name "*.c" -or -name "*.cpp" -or -name "*.h" -or -name "*.m" \) -print0 | xargs -0 wc'
-# Count lines of C or C++ or Obj-C or Java or PHP code under the current directory.
-alias countcode='find . \( -name "*.c" -or -name "*.cpp" -or -name "*.h" -or -name "*.m" -or -name "*.java" -or -name "*.php" \) -print0 | xargs -0 wc'
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Spelling typos.  Highly personal and keyboard-dependent.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias xs='cd'
-alias vf='cd'
-alias moer='more'
-alias moew='more'
-alias kk='ll'
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Time.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-alias now='date +"%T"'
-alias nowtime=now
-alias nowdate='date +"%Y-%m-%d"'
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Web.
-#-------------------------------------------------------------
-# Pass it via sudo so whoever is admin can reload it without calling you.
-alias nginxreload='sudo /usr/sbin/nginx -s reload'
-alias nginxtest='sudo /usr/sbin/nginx -t'
-</file>
-Set the file owner and permissions:
-<code bash>
-chown root:root /etc/profile.d/bash_aliases.sh
-chmod 644 /etc/profile.d/bash_aliases.sh
-</code>